America 250: Presidential Message on the Anniversary of our Victory in the Spanish-American War

On December 10, 1898, the United States signed a defining peace treaty that concluded the Spanish-American War and reshaped the global balance of power. This historic agreement reaffirmed the Monroe Doctrine, dismantled Europe’s entrenched presence in the Western Hemisphere, and announced to the world that America had emerged as a formidable superpower. Today, we honor the courage, moral conviction, and ultimate sacrifice of the defenders of liberty who confronted tyranny and safeguarded our national honor, sovereignty, and enduring birthright of freedom.

As Cuba’s struggle for independence intensified under the reign of King Alfonso XIII, escalating unrest placed American lives at risk. In response, the United States deployed the battleship USS MAINE to Havana. On February 15, 1898, a catastrophic explosion destroyed the vessel, killing more than 260 Americans. This national tragedy galvanized the American people, compelling the Nation toward a decisive pursuit of justice and reinforcing its determination to protect its interests and leadership in the Western Hemisphere.

The Spanish-American War unfolded with remarkable speed and clarity of purpose. American forces advanced across land and sea, achieving decisive victories from Cuba to the Philippines. At the Battle of Manila Bay, U.S. naval power obliterated the royal Spanish fleet within hours, signaling a dramatic shift in global military dominance. In Cuba, Theodore Roosevelt’s legendary Rough Riders—an extraordinary volunteer cavalry of cowboys, miners, and college athletes—embodied American resilience, strength, and resolve. These victories shattered the Spanish Empire and confirmed the United States of America as the world’s leading military force.

One hundred twenty-seven years ago today, the Treaty of Paris formally ended the conflict. Spain relinquished control of Cuba and ceded Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines to the United States. This pivotal moment marked more than the conclusion of a war; it signaled the dawn of America’s ascent as a global military superpower, unmatched in scale and influence.

Today, we recognize the territories, alliances, and strategic partnerships forged through the Treaty of Paris—places where the ideals of American freedom have taken root and endured. Above all, we reaffirm a timeless principle: peace is preserved through strength. My Administration continues to uphold an America First vision by pursuing historic peace agreements in regions long burdened by conflict, proving that endless wars are not inevitable and that a future defined by lasting peace is achievable.

As we commemorate this anniversary of victory in the Spanish-American War, we stand united in our commitment to peace, military strength, and the enduring values that define the American spirit—values that continue to guide our Nation forward as we approach America’s 250th anniversary.

Visit 250 Years of American Collection here